[原创]红茶与绿茶、留头与留发、入欧与脱亚

芦屋逍遥轩 · 发表于 2008-2-9 13:12:47

红茶与绿茶、留头与留发、入欧与脱亚

I．留头留发
　　有一回英语考试，翻译题的材料曰：“近来学校针对有些学生的陋习，如乱扔、乱吐、留长发、吸烟、喝酒……开展‘同陋习告别，与文明握手(Greet Civilization)’活动，你认为这是一项很有意义的活动……”
　　看完题目，不禁心生疑窦。反对这些“陋习”是与“civilization(文明)”握手，那么长发和烟酒难道是“barbarism(野蛮)”吗？且不论烟酒是否文明的产物。自上古始，汉人即留全发，“身体发肤不可毁伤”是人人遵循的社会准则。直至满清入关，剃头令下，方迎来“华人髡为夷，苟活不如死”（顾炎武《断发》）的局面。我依稀记得小学时读的，很厚的插图本《十万个为什么》上，凶神恶煞的辫子兵手持大刀，犬牙毕露，对跪在地上的一位白发老者怒叱：“留头不留发，留发不留头！”老者则满面刚毅，高声道“宁死也不能剃头！”于今想来，这本九十年代的儿童读物，大概是汉民族主义抬头的先声吧。
　　辄而想起前回，班主任李荣先生在班里提起：“有哪些同学是少数民族的？……最多高考可加20分！”本班计有八人。课后，剃着一个”蜡笔小新头”的笑笑君，高声长叹道：“为什么我是汉族人哦！”我早料到会有人出此语，有了心理准备，因而没有悲形于色，只是续着大家的话题调笑下去罢了。
我个人以为，恢复衣冠发式实已不必，重在培养人之精神，人之仁爱儒雅、胸襟宽宏、峥嵘弘毅精神——然而，或许真如不少人所想的，发式服装这类最小的事，可以折射出最深难测的人心？

II．入欧脱亚
　　又最近，平时学习成绩令人高山仰止，放假期间也不放松课业的乳鸽君（从“秀色可餐”的角度讲，这外号甚好），在新东方修习英文。（又是新东方！又是英文！又是小女生！这个桥段写过三次了，简直有复刻旧文之嫌。然世事如此，非笔者有意为之也。）她说，在某老师的博客上看到一个网站，可以查看历史上的某日之大事记("AnyDay-in-History")。“想想4月自己就满17了耶~！”我们这位二八佳人，便一时兴起查了她生日出生的名人，把一长串名单兴致勃勃地放到了自己的博客上。谨在此摘录如下：
　　（乱码者，乃是一些西欧字符，以汉字内码不能显示。不过若是有一点外文水平的读者，也能把他们的名字猜个八九不离十。）

Birthdates which occurred on your SELECTED date of April 01:
1283 Ludwig IV of Baveria Roman Catholic Bavarian emperor (1314-47)
1578 William Harvey England, physician (discovered blood circulation)
1582 Gaspar de Crayer Flemish painter
1582 Thomas Simpson composer
1643 Christian Demelius composer
1697 Abbé Prévost French novelist/journalist (Manon Lescaut)
1721 Pieter Hellendaal Dutch violinist/organist/composer (Glees)
1725 François Bainville composer
1732 Franz Josef Haydn Austria, composer (Die Schöpfung)
1755 Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin French politician/author (Physiologie du Goût)
1772 Ignaz Franz von Mosel composer
1785 J H Ferdinand Olivier German painter
1793 Edouard Corbière French captain/writer (Le negrier)
1802 Hubert Reis composer
1807 Fredrik Cygnaeus Finnish poet/literature critic
1809 Nikolai Gogol writer
1809 Willem Ruys J Dz Dutch ship owner
1815 Otto Von Bismarck Germany, chancellor (1866-90)
1817 Johannes J van Oosterzee Dutch theologist
1823 Simon Bolivar Buckner Lieutenant General (Confederate Army), died in 1914
1834 Isidore Edouard Legouix composer
1843 Ludwig Enneccerus German jurist
1847 Gavriil Musicescu composer
1847 Jules-Nicolas Crevaux French explorer (South America)
1852 Edward Austin Abbey US, painter (Quest of the Holy Grail)
1858 Arnold Aletrino Dutch physician-criminologist/author (From Life)
1858 Gaetano Mosca Italian sociologist (Circulation of Elite)
1864 Marie Jungius Dutch fairy tale writer
1865 Richard Zsigmondy Germany, chemist (Nobel-1925)
1866 Ferruccio D M B Busoni Italy, pianist/composer/conductor (Arlecchino)
1866 Johannes C H de Meÿere Dutch zoologist
1866 Sophonisba Breckenridge scholar/teacher/social activist
1868 Edmond Rostand France, poet/playwright (Cyrano de Bergerac)
1869 Peter A Egge Norwegian writer (De Droom)
1871 F Melius Christiansen composer
1872 Tadeusz Joteyko composer
1873 Sergei Vasilievitch Rachmaninov Novgorod Provine Russia, composer (Prelude in C# Minor)
1875 Edgar Wallace England, novelist/playwright/journalist (The Terror)
1878 Carl Sternheim German playwright (Hyperion/Tabula Rasa)
1883 Lon Chaney Colorado Springs CO, man of 1000 faces, actor (High Noon, Phantom of Opera)
1883 Aleksander V Aleksandrov Russian composer/conductor
1884 Laurette Taylor [Helen LM Cooney], US actress (Broadway)
1885 Clementine Ogilvy Spencer-Churchill (Hozier) British barones
1886 Wallace Beery Kansas City MO, actor (Alias a Gentleman, Dinner at 8, Ah Wilderness)
1886 Casimir von Paszthory composer
1887 Leonard Bloomfield US linguist
1893 Cicely Courtneidge Sydney Australia, actress (Double Exposure)
1895 Alberta Hunter African-American blues singer/composer (Downhearted Blues)
1897 Willem H van de Pol Dutch theologist (Christian Dilemma)
1898 Nita Naldi [Anita Donna Dooley] New York NY, actress (Blood & Sand)
1898 Pola Gojawiczynska Polish writer (Stolica)
1898 Roger Bastide French sociologist
1901 Boris Koutzen composer
1902 L P Jai cricketer (one Test India vs England 1934, scored 19 & 0)
1904 Juan Gil-Albert poet
1905 Gaston Eyskens PM of Belgium (1949, 1958-61, 1968-72)
1905 "Mother" Clara Hale US social worker (founded Hale House)
1905 Winfried P I Zillig German opera composer/conductor (Fantasia Irica)
1906 Ned Glass Poland, actor (Sol-Julia, Uncle Moe-Bridget Loves Bernie)
1906 Sigve Lie Norway, yachtsman (Olympics-gold-1948, 52)
1907 Walter Kaufmann composer
1908 Abraham H Maslow US psychologist (humanistic psychology)
1909 Abner Biberman Milwaukee WI, director/actor (Imhook-Kodiak)
1911 Evert H "Bep" Bakhuys Dutch soccer star/writer
1911 Ferdinand J Kranenburg Dutch Secretary of Defense (Socialist Democrat)
1911 Günther Rennert Essen Germany, opera director/producer
1914 Carla van Neste Belgian violinist
1915 Art Lund Salt Lake City UT, singer (Ken Murray Show)
1915 Willy Dixon blues artist (Mellow Down Easy)
1917 Leon Janney Ogden UT, actor (Hawk)
1917 Johnny Andrews Boston MA, singer/host (Songs at Twilight)
1920 Joan Frances Will actress
1921 Douglas Allenbrook composer
1921 William L Bergsma Oakland CA, composer (Fortunate Island)
1922 William Manchester Attleboro MA, historian (Death of a President)
1923 Bobby Jordan Harrison NY, actor (Bowery Champs, Kid Dynamite, Flying Wild)
1924 Gunther Becker composer
1925 Sala Burton (Representative-Democrat-CA, 1983- )
1926 Anne [Inez] McCaffrey US, sci-fi author (Crystal Singer, Dragonflight, Dragondrums)
1926 Lyndon Brook actor (Invasion, Reach for the Sky)
1927 Amos Milburn rocker
1928 George Grizzard Roanoke Rapids NC, actor (Wrong is Right, Bachelor Party, Attica)
1928 Herbert Klein newscaster/press secretary
1928 Jane Powell Portland OR, singer/actress (7 Brides for 7 Brothers)
1928 Dimitri Frenkel Frank Dutch writer/director (Hadimassa)
1929 Milan Kundera Czechoslovakia, poet/writer (Unbearable Lightness of Being, L'art du Roman, Joke)
1930 Grace Lee Whitney Ann Arbor MI, actress (Yeoman Rand-Star Trek)
1930 Joan Franks-Williams composer
1931 George Baker Bulgaria, actor (Goodbye Mr Chips, Curse of the Fly)
1931 Rolf Hochhuth German playwright (Deputy)
1932 Debbie Reynolds El Paso TX, actress (Singin' in the Rain)
1932 Gordon Jump Dayton OH, actor (Arthur Carlson-WKRP, Growing Pains)
1932 Alex[ander Colleridge Vanderpuiye Baka] Tetteh-Lartey broadcaster, lawyer and actor (Caught, Laughter of God)
1932 Jiri Smutny composer
1933 Dan Flavin US minimalist sculptor
1934 Don Hastings Brooklyn NY, actor (Captain Video, Bob-As the World Turns)
1934 Jim Ed Brown Sparkman AR, country singer (Nashville on the Road)
1935 Hans H Boswinkel actor/director (Surprise Attack, Tutorials in Love)
1935 John Murray cricketer (England 1961-67, 1st wk called Murray to play Tests)
1939 Ali MacGraw Pound Ridge NY, actress (Love Story, Goodbye Columbus)
1939 Phil Niekro knuckleball pitcher (New York Yankees, Atlanta Braves)
1939 Rudolph Isley Cincinnati OH, rocker (Isley Brothers-Shout)
1941 Ajit Wadekar cricketer (stalwart Indian batsman & captain)
1942 Alan Blakley rocker (Brian Poole & The Tremeloes)
1942 Danny Brooks rocker (Dovells)
1942 Phil Margo Brooklyn NY, rock vocalist (Tokens-Lion Sleeps Tonight)
1942 Samuel R[ay] Delany Jr US, sci-fi author (Towers of Toron, Dhalgren, Neveryona)
1944 Carol White England, actress (Daddy's Gone a Hunting)
1945 Heather Young Bremerton WA, actress (Betty-Land of Giants)
1946 John Barbata drummer (Turtles-Happy Together, Eleanor)
1946 Arthur Conley US soul singer (Sweet Soul Music)
1946 Ronnie "Plonk" Lane London England , rock bassist (Small Faces-Hey Girl)
1946 William Frederick Fisher Dallas TX, MD/astronaut (STS 51-I)
1947 David Eisenhower grandson of President Dwight, married Julie Nixon
1948 Jimmy Cliff Reggae singer
1948 Simon Crowe rock drummer (Boomtown Rats-Maxinguaye)
1948 Y Y Williams Welsh rugby player
1949 Gill Scott-Heron US, writer/poet/singer (Whities on the Moon)
1950 Ed[uardus] Nijpels Dutch minister of Environment (VVD)
1950 Leonard van Spirit Dutch/British fruit/food magnate
1952 Annette O'Toole Houston TX, actress (Cat People, Superman III)
1952 Billy Currie rock keyboardist/violinist (Ultravox-We Came to Dance)
1952 Rey Robinson US, 100 meter sprinter (Olympics-1972)
1952 Abdel Basset Ali Al-Megrahi Tripoli Libya, bomber (Pan Am 103)
1953 Aftab Baloch cricketer (Pakistani in 2 Tests, scored 428 for Sind 74)
1953 Barry Sonnenfeld director (When Harry Met Sally, Big, Misery)
1954 Jeff Porcaro Los Angeles CA, drummer/percussionist (Toto-Roxanne, Africa)
1955 Danny Joe Pohl Mount Pleasant MI, PGA golfer (1986 Colonial)
1955 Stan Ridway rocker (Wall Of Voodoo)
1957 David Gower cricketer (elegant England left-handed batsman 1978-92)
1957 Donald William Hammond Frederick MD, PGA golfer (1986 Bob Hope)
1957 Peter Deutsch (Representative-Democrat-FL)
1958 Anton Innauer Austria, 70 meter ski jumper (Olympics-gold-1980)
1961 Mark White rock guitarist (ABC-All of My Heart)
1961 Jennifer Runyon actress (Cindy-A Very Brady Christmas, Gwendolyn-Charles in Charge)
1961 Jim Jeffcoat NFL defensive end (Buffalo Bills)
1962 Phillip Schofield TV personality/designer (Nightfire)
1962 Rich Amaral Visalia CA, outfielder (Seattle Mariners)
1964 John Morris cricketer (England right-hand batsman vs India 1990)
1964 Kevin Duckworth NBA center (Milwaukee Bucks)
1964 Scott Stevens Kitchener, NHL defenseman (New Jersey Devils, Team Canada)
1965 John "Jumbo" Elliot NFL tackle (New York Giants, New York Jets)
1965 Mark Jackson NBA guard (Indiana Pacers)
1965 Peter O'Toole Irish pop bassist (Hothouse Flowers-People, Home, Don't Go)
1966 Dave Vankoughnett CFL corner (Winnipeg Blue Bombers)
1966 Odie Harris NFL safety/defensive back (Houston Oilers)
1968 Joel Smeenge NFL defensive end (Jacksonville Jaguars)
1969 Traci Lin-Tavi New York NY, actress (Ryan's Hope, F/X, Fright Night 2)
1969 Andrew Vlahov Australian basketball forward (Olympics-1988, 92, 96)
1969 Arnaud Boetsch Meulam France, tennis star (1985 European Junior)
1969 Frank Castillo El Paso TX, pitcher (Chicago Cubs)
1969 John Forest soccer player (Go Ahead Eagles)
1969 Kevin Dean Madison, NHL defenseman (New Jersey Devils)
1970 Mark Wheeler NFL defensive tackle (Tampa Bay Buccaneers, New England Patriots)
1970 Wes Barnett St Joseph MO, 238lb (108kg) weightlifter (Olympics-6th-92, 96)
1970 Wyatt Jones Honolulu HI, kayak (alternate-Olympics-96)
1971 Daniel Vacek Prague Czechoslovakia, tennis star
1971 Ernest Jones NFL defensive end (Saints, Denver Broncos-Superbowl 32)
1971 Jessica Collins [Capogna] actress (Dinah Lee Mayberry-Loving)
1972 Kenny Gales NFL/WLAF cornerback (Chicago Bears, Barcelona Dragons)
1972 Mike McCoy WLAF quarterback (Amsterdam Admirals)
1973 Ferdy Vierklau soccer player (FC Utrecht)
1973 Stephen Fleming cricketer (New Zealand left-handed Test batsman 1994-)
1975 Kristine Quance 100 meter breaststroke/200 meter medley (Olympics-96)
1975 Magdalena Maleeva Sofia Bulgaria, tennis star (1995 Chicago Moscow)
1976 Clarence Seedorf Surinam/Dutch soccer player (Ajax, Real Madrid)
1980 Bryan Buffinton Ridgewood NJ, actor (Bill Lewis Jr-Guiding Light)
1982 Sam Huntington actor (Jungle 2 Jungle)1991 Peng Yazhu（称谓还没想好）

　　最后兀然蹦出来的这一位，就是乳鸽君了。果然是小女子心性吧，观来令人哑然失笑。忘记了哪位先生有以茶论女人者，谓二八佳人正如第二道茶，茶不浓不淡，女不涩不熟，是最有风味或曰风情的。余深以为然。
　　但浅笑之余，览毕这长长的一串名册，倏然“满肚子不合时宜”全蹦出来了。于是在她的博文下评论两句，扫了她的雅兴：
　　“请注意，全都是西方人，更准确点：多数是西欧和北美人，少许俄国人。
　　“不要把你的名字加在下面，这是一个‘他们的圈子’。”
　　而小女生的天真烂漫，果然是最最可爱的性情。可惜的是，“无用乃是美的准则之一”。她回复道：
　　“可能正好4月1号生的名人都是西方的也说不定啊。。。
　　“再说谁说我不能飞进去啊~！”
　　看了着实教人哭笑不得。不过，虽然我平时不记他人生日，偏偏有一个人我是记得的。就是在二战电影中，演山本五十六大将最出名的那位——三船敏郎，出生在四月一日。查询wikipedia的四月一日条目，赫然看见：
　　1920 - Toshiro Mifune, Japanese actor (d. 1997)
　　也就证明了我记忆还是准确的。
　　而上面所列的表里则还有：
　　1920 Joan Frances Will actress
　　无独有偶，两人同年同月同日生，并且同为演员。既然同列于名人榜上，知名度应该不分伯仲吧？于是，秉承“大胆假设，小心求证”（胡适语）之精神，发挥“上穷碧落下黄泉，动手动脚找证据”（李敖语）之能力，遵循“内事不决问百度，外事不决问Google”（网友语）之经验，分别查找这两人的资料看看吧？
　　在Google搜索三船先生，出来的都是他；搜索后面那位女士，第一页却尽出些不相干的人：作家、普通主妇、甚至911遇难者。既然都是演员，就缩小范围好了，终于到IMDb（国际电影资料库）找到了她的资料，更着实令人哭笑不得。原来此老太不过是英国本土的一个电视演员，总共才在五部剧集里露过脸，其中还有两次演的是“接线生”和“房东太太”之类无名角色，又有两次则是“某某夫人”之类无全名的角色。较之于三船先生出演影片一百八十一部之骄人成绩，在《中途岛》等享誉全球的巨作中，将山本五十六演得见其神髓之出人演技，以及艾美奖提名的荣誉，我实在不知这位Will老太究竟有什么本事，可以同三船先生并驾齐驱。
　　唯一的解释就是，这个所谓的“AnyDay-in-History”，所指乃是白种人的Anyday。
　　而乳鸽君，则似乎对这个白种人的名册心向往之，乃至于用了“飞进去”一词，“归心似箭”，大抵如此。这大概就是当代优秀学子们，孜孜不倦为之努力的“脱亚入欧”之追求吧。重复百年前日本人之道路，诚可气哉，我同胞。

III．又留头留发
　　谈及重复前人道路，又要把话题转回留头留发上。
　　湖南的中学，多数有发型限制，所谓“男不过耳、女不过肩”者也。虽然执行有厉荏之别，然一旦通知下达，学校要抓，则一夜之间，诸生头发皆短平矣。其造型之齐整、剃磨之迅疾，有如日本武士之习剑，拦腰斩断草人一般。生徒若有不从者，则大可以强令停课整改之，符合要求方可入校，也大有留发不留头之意了。余入此中学四年，已然养成了对长发女孩的怨念，自恐出焉。
　　不过，我乃是个常恤己身的人，对这种造成了一定心理障碍的规定，有着比常人多一点的反感与质疑。初一的时候，就有长辈面对我的疑问，告余曰“长头发吸收营养太多，会导致智力下降，影响学习”。这种答案实在无以服人。我开始寻思：什么时候，人类开始普遍留短发的呢？
　　于是又秉承前述精神，发挥前述能力，听从前述经验，方知道，原来我的疑问，在六十年前的美国已有人提过了。
　　二战后的美国兴起“嬉皮士”风潮，男子留长发，即是他们的外形标志。许多逻辑混乱的美国人民，便将长发与道德败坏、腐化堕落联系起来。有一位国会议员，与我一样突然开始寻思，人类何时开始尚短发的呢？便指派一顾问去调查之，并写个报告出来。不看不知道，一看吓一跳：原来耶稣还没出来的时候，男人们就留长发啊！那华盛顿、富兰克林、杰斐逊他们，都是长头发咯！一直到19世纪中期，随着普鲁士的崛起，短发剃须才慢慢成为时尚，如今的人们实在太忘本了！。于是此公在国会里对议员们、对记者们、对全美人民庄严宣告：留长发没有什么不好的！
　　现在看来，这是可以当笑话讲的故事了。只是不知，听过这个笑话之后，那些琢磨“长发影响学习”的人们，如何看待六十年前，崇尚短发的，美国人民的逻辑水平？也不知，他们如何看待六十年后，崇尚短发的自己的逻辑水平。“智商无下限”，诚哉斯言！诚哉斯言！
　　我既为自己在六十年前有一位知音而庆幸，也为自己重复六十年前人类的思考而悲哀。由是观之，欧亚之别，诚六十年矣。当代优秀学子们，“脱亚入欧”，重复百年前日本人之道路，实非可咎。诚可谅哉，我同胞。

IV．红茶绿茶
　　一说到欧亚之别，又想起了一个“欧洲人之自大”的例子，可以同前面那个所谓anyday相较。
　　周作人先生在《吃茶》中提到过，英国散文家吉辛“以为英国家庭里下午的红茶与黄油面包是一日中最大的乐事，支那饮茶已历千百年，未必能领略此种乐趣与实益的万分之一”。先生跟着写道“则我殊不以为然”。
　　先生云饮茶以绿茶为正宗，我且不予置评。但于红茶，我却有惨痛的经历。幼时首次饮红茶，既未加糖也未加牛奶，结果看着茶杯里鸡血似的东西，喝中药一样闭着眼睛灌了下去，那窘迫的经历仍是历历在目。
　　若云吉辛之为自大，我必说，那是不了解东方茶文化所致。红茶吐司只为充饥、解馋、游戏，不似东方人为求“得半日之闲，可抵十年的尘梦”，体会宇宙，疗慰心灵。聪明如彼者，若得以亲身进入东方人的茶室，体会一下饮茶之趣，大概也不会出此言了。而前列的名册，若不是欧洲人对东方的无知，大概也不会全都是白种人了。
　　世间争执，岂非皆因无知而起？如今我在这里大谈欧亚之别，若有外星人看见，会否讥笑曰“彼地球人，成日互相争斗，实劣等民族，应由我等开之化之，实现大宇宙共荣”？若为保留传统，而拒外排新，则实属矫枉过正矣。惟常习之，得其妙处，便不至于有自大之言了。
　　“忆昔开元全盛日”，人之心胸何宽广？长安城四处尽有胡人，胡器。胡衣胡瓶，胡坐胡床，胡笳胡琴胡旋女，胡伶胡儿言汉语。也不见有礼崩乐坏，神州陆沉之虞。所可喜者，于今已有不少同胞看到这一点，以宽广之心胸，坦然脚踏中西文化，令人欣慰。长此以往，则必有“胡言汉语”之日矣！诚可爱哉，我同胞。

　　二〇〇八年二月九日